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音頻科普：嬰兒和黑猩猩一樣笑
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音頻科普：嬰兒和黑猩猩一樣笑
Adult humans laugh primarily on the exhale, but human babies laugh on the inhale and the exhale—as do chimps. Christopher Intagliata reports.成年人主要靠呼氣來笑，而嬰兒則同時(shí)靠吸氣和呼氣來笑，黑猩猩也是這樣。Christopher Intagliata報(bào)道。
撰文\播音：克里斯托弗·因塔利亞塔（Christopher Intagliata）
翻譯：邱燕寧
審校：張清越
A?baby's laugh?is unmistakable:??that sets a baby's laugh apart?from ours: babies laugh on the exhale?and?on the inhale. Whereas adult humans "tend to laugh predominantly on the exhale. The classic kind of 'ha ha ha.'" Disa Sauter, a psychologist who studies emotions at the University of Amsterdam.?
嬰兒的笑聲是獨(dú)一無二的：.<片段:嬰兒笑>，但是除了它的尖叫和高音調(diào)的特性之外，還有另一個(gè)因素使嬰兒的笑聲與我們的不同：嬰兒在呼氣和吸氣時(shí)都可以笑。而成年人類則主要是在呼氣時(shí)發(fā)笑，是典型的“哈哈哈”笑聲。阿姆斯特丹大學(xué)研究情緒問題的心理學(xué)家迪莎·索特（Disa Sauter）說。
Sauter and her colleagues collected 44 samples of babies laughing, from the ages of 3 months…
Sauter和她的同事收集了44個(gè)嬰兒笑聲的樣本，從3個(gè)月大的.….<片段:3個(gè)月>到10個(gè)月.….<片段:10個(gè)月>一直到18個(gè)月.<片段:18個(gè)月>。
They played the samples for about 100 untrained volunteers, and asked them to deconstruct the laughs. Were the babies laughing on the inhale, the exhale, or both? "And there we find a nice relationship between the age of the baby and the amount of the laughter happening on the inhale."?
他們?yōu)榇蠹s100名未經(jīng)訓(xùn)練的志愿者播放了樣本，并要求他們解構(gòu)笑聲。嬰兒是在吸氣、呼氣，還是在兩者兼而有之的時(shí)候笑的？“我們從而發(fā)現(xiàn)嬰兒的年齡和吸氣時(shí)發(fā)生的笑聲數(shù)量之間有很好的關(guān)系。”
The younger the baby, the more laughs on the inhale. Because remember, our laughs gravitate towards the exhale as we age. And Sauter thinks one reason for that could be that we gain more vocal control as we learn to talk: speaking?also?happens primarily on the exhale.
嬰兒越小，越容易在吸氣時(shí)笑。因?yàn)橛涀?，我們的笑聲隨著年齡的增長而多受我們的呼氣引導(dǎo)。索特認(rèn)為其中一個(gè)原因可能是，當(dāng)我們學(xué)會(huì)說話時(shí)，我們獲得了更多的發(fā)聲控制：說話也主要發(fā)生在呼氣時(shí)。
She presented the preliminary findings at a meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, in Victoria, Canada. [Disa Sauter et al.,?How do babies laugh?] The researchers are in the process of checking the judgments of the volunteers against those of professional phoneticians.?
她在加拿大維多利亞舉行的美國聲學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)議上介紹了初步發(fā)現(xiàn)。研究人員正在檢查志愿者與專業(yè)語音學(xué)家的判斷。
As it happens: human babies aren't the only primates who laugh both breathing our and breathing in.
碰巧：人類嬰兒不是唯一呼氣和吸氣時(shí)都會(huì)笑的靈長類動(dòng)物。<片段：黑猩猩>黑猩猩也會(huì)這么做。
"They laugh like 'hoo hoo hoo.' They laugh more continuously while inhaling and exhaling. It's totally difficult to do on purpose."?
“他們笑起來聲音像‘呼呼呼’，吸氣呼氣時(shí)笑得更加連續(xù)。這是很難做到的。”
But Sauter, I thought, pulled off a pretty good impression. "I'll take that as a compliment!?"
但我想，Sauter給我留下了很好的印象。“我會(huì)把它當(dāng)作恭維話！<笑>”
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Adult humans laugh primarily on the exhale, but human babies laugh on the inhale and the exhale—as do chimps. Christopher Intagliata reports.成年人主要靠呼氣來笑，而嬰兒則同時(shí)靠吸氣和呼氣來笑，黑猩猩也是這樣。Christopher Intagliata報(bào)道。
撰文\播音：克里斯托弗·因塔利亞塔（Christopher Intagliata）
翻譯：邱燕寧
審校：張清越
A?baby's laugh?is unmistakable:??that sets a baby's laugh apart?from ours: babies laugh on the exhale?and?on the inhale. Whereas adult humans "tend to laugh predominantly on the exhale. The classic kind of 'ha ha ha.'" Disa Sauter, a psychologist who studies emotions at the University of Amsterdam.?
嬰兒的笑聲是獨(dú)一無二的：.<片段:嬰兒笑>，但是除了它的尖叫和高音調(diào)的特性之外，還有另一個(gè)因素使嬰兒的笑聲與我們的不同：嬰兒在呼氣和吸氣時(shí)都可以笑。而成年人類則主要是在呼氣時(shí)發(fā)笑，是典型的“哈哈哈”笑聲。阿姆斯特丹大學(xué)研究情緒問題的心理學(xué)家迪莎·索特（Disa Sauter）說。
Sauter and her colleagues collected 44 samples of babies laughing, from the ages of 3 months…
Sauter和她的同事收集了44個(gè)嬰兒笑聲的樣本，從3個(gè)月大的.….<片段:3個(gè)月>到10個(gè)月.….<片段:10個(gè)月>一直到18個(gè)月.<片段:18個(gè)月>。
They played the samples for about 100 untrained volunteers, and asked them to deconstruct the laughs. Were the babies laughing on the inhale, the exhale, or both? "And there we find a nice relationship between the age of the baby and the amount of the laughter happening on the inhale."?
他們?yōu)榇蠹s100名未經(jīng)訓(xùn)練的志愿者播放了樣本，并要求他們解構(gòu)笑聲。嬰兒是在吸氣、呼氣，還是在兩者兼而有之的時(shí)候笑的？“我們從而發(fā)現(xiàn)嬰兒的年齡和吸氣時(shí)發(fā)生的笑聲數(shù)量之間有很好的關(guān)系。”
The younger the baby, the more laughs on the inhale. Because remember, our laughs gravitate towards the exhale as we age. And Sauter thinks one reason for that could be that we gain more vocal control as we learn to talk: speaking?also?happens primarily on the exhale.
嬰兒越小，越容易在吸氣時(shí)笑。因?yàn)橛涀?，我們的笑聲隨著年齡的增長而多受我們的呼氣引導(dǎo)。索特認(rèn)為其中一個(gè)原因可能是，當(dāng)我們學(xué)會(huì)說話時(shí)，我們獲得了更多的發(fā)聲控制：說話也主要發(fā)生在呼氣時(shí)。
She presented the preliminary findings at a meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, in Victoria, Canada. [Disa Sauter et al.,?How do babies laugh?] The researchers are in the process of checking the judgments of the volunteers against those of professional phoneticians.?
她在加拿大維多利亞舉行的美國聲學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)議上介紹了初步發(fā)現(xiàn)。研究人員正在檢查志愿者與專業(yè)語音學(xué)家的判斷。
As it happens: human babies aren't the only primates who laugh both breathing our and breathing in.
碰巧：人類嬰兒不是唯一呼氣和吸氣時(shí)都會(huì)笑的靈長類動(dòng)物。<片段：黑猩猩>黑猩猩也會(huì)這么做。
"They laugh like 'hoo hoo hoo.' They laugh more continuously while inhaling and exhaling. It's totally difficult to do on purpose."?
“他們笑起來聲音像‘呼呼呼’，吸氣呼氣時(shí)笑得更加連續(xù)。這是很難做到的。”
But Sauter, I thought, pulled off a pretty good impression. "I'll take that as a compliment!?
但我想，Sauter給我留下了很好的印象。“我會(huì)把它當(dāng)作恭維話！<笑>”
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