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音頻科普：兩廂情愿的擁抱可以緩解壓力
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音頻科普：兩廂情愿的擁抱可以緩解壓力
?People who had a conflict in a given day but also got hugged were not as affected by the negative interaction as were their unhugged counterparts.??同樣是經(jīng)歷了爭(zhēng)吵的人，如果在當(dāng)天收到一個(gè)擁抱，受到消極影響的程度就會(huì)比那些沒(méi)有收到擁抱的的人更輕。
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撰文\播音：露西?黃（Lucy Huang）
翻譯：陳美娟
審校：許楠
?
When a friend comes to you?after a stressful day, how do you comfort them? Do you let them rant? Do you pour them a glass of wine? Those could work. But a new study finds that a very effective technique is also simple and easy.
如果你朋友受了一天的打擊之后過(guò)來(lái)找你，你會(huì)怎么安慰他們？讓他們罵出來(lái)？還是給他們倒一杯紅酒呢？這都挺有用的。但有一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，只需一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的小技巧就足夠了。
“Hugging.”
那就是“擁抱”。
Michael Murphy is a psychology post-doc at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. He wanted to know if?people who received hugs regularly?could handle stress and conflict better.
邁克爾?墨菲（Michael Murphy）是來(lái)自匹斯堡卡耐基梅隆大學(xué)（Carnegie Mellon University）的一名心理學(xué)博士后。他想知道，定期接受擁抱的人們是否能更好應(yīng)對(duì)壓力和沖突。
“Individuals who report perceiving the availability of a network of supportive individuals tend to show better adaptation when faced with stress.”
“能感知到來(lái)自社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)中可依靠者的支持的人，在面臨壓力的時(shí)候會(huì)表現(xiàn)出更強(qiáng)的適應(yīng)力。”
But just because you have a support network does not mean that you definitely feel that support.
但是，有支持你的人際網(wǎng)并不意味著能完全感到被支持。
“So some researchers have argued that many of the behaviors we use to support others who are stressed might actually be counterproductive because these behaviors might unintentionally communicate to others that they're not competent to manage stress.”
“因此，有些研究者指出，別人有壓力的時(shí)候，我們的很多支持行為反而起了反作用，因?yàn)檫@些行為可能在無(wú)意中告訴對(duì)方：他們沒(méi)法管理壓力。”
Murphy and his team interviewed 404 men and women every evening for two weeks.
墨菲與他的團(tuán)隊(duì)用了兩周的時(shí)間，在每天夜晚進(jìn)行采訪，共采訪了404名男性和女性。
“During these interviews, the participants were asked a simple yes or no question—whether somebody had hugged them that day—and a simple yes or no question of whether they had experienced conflict or tension with somebody that day. They also were asked questions about their social interactions—how many social interactions they had that day—and responded to questions about negative and positive mood states.”
“在采訪的過(guò)程中，我們向受訪人員提問(wèn)了簡(jiǎn)單的是與否問(wèn)題——今天有沒(méi)有人給你擁抱、今天是否有爭(zhēng)吵或感受到壓力。他們還被問(wèn)及社交互動(dòng)的問(wèn)題，如今天進(jìn)行了多少次社交活動(dòng)，另外還有與積極或者消極的情緒有關(guān)的問(wèn)題。”
And the researchers found that individuals who experienced a conflict were not as negatively affected if they received a hug that day as were participants who experienced conflict and didn’t get a hug. Murphy and his team also saw that people who received a hug didn’t carry the negative effect to the next day, while those who did not receive a hug would. The findings are in the journal?PLOS ONE. [Michael L. M. Murphy, Denise Janicki-Deverts and Sheldon Cohen,?Receiving a hug is associated with the attenuation of negative mood that occurs on days with interpersonal conflict]
研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)，同樣是經(jīng)歷了爭(zhēng)吵的人，如果在當(dāng)天收到一個(gè)擁抱，受到消極影響的程度就會(huì)比那些沒(méi)有收到擁抱的的人更輕。墨菲與他的團(tuán)隊(duì)還觀察到，收到擁抱的人不會(huì)把消極情緒帶到第二天，而那些沒(méi)有被擁抱的則會(huì)影響到第二天的情緒。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)刊登在《公共科學(xué)圖書(shū)館·綜合》（PLOS ONE）期刊上。
Murphy does include this caveat: “So our findings should not be taken as evidence that people should just start hugging anyone and everyone who seems distressed. A hug from one boss at work or a stranger on the street—that could be viewed as neither consensual or positive.”
墨菲事先聲明道：“這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)不能成為‘人們應(yīng)該擁抱每個(gè)看起來(lái)痛苦的人’這個(gè)結(jié)論的證據(jù)。一個(gè)來(lái)自上司或者大街上陌生人的擁抱，既不兩廂情愿，也沒(méi)有減壓效果。”
The idea is to relieve stress. Not add to it.
這個(gè)想法應(yīng)當(dāng)是用來(lái)緩解壓力的。而不是加重壓力的。
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?People who had a conflict in a given day but also got hugged were not as affected by the negative interaction as were their unhugged counterparts.??同樣是經(jīng)歷了爭(zhēng)吵的人，如果在當(dāng)天收到一個(gè)擁抱，受到消極影響的程度就會(huì)比那些沒(méi)有收到擁抱的的人更輕。
?
撰文\播音：露西?黃（Lucy Huang）
翻譯：陳美娟
審校：許楠
?
When a friend comes to you?after a stressful day, how do you comfort them? Do you let them rant? Do you pour them a glass of wine? Those could work. But a new study finds that a very effective technique is also simple and easy.
如果你朋友受了一天的打擊之后過(guò)來(lái)找你，你會(huì)怎么安慰他們？讓他們罵出來(lái)？還是給他們倒一杯紅酒呢？這都挺有用的。但有一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，只需一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的小技巧就足夠了。
“Hugging.”
那就是“擁抱”。
Michael Murphy is a psychology post-doc at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. He wanted to know if?people who received hugs regularly?could handle stress and conflict better.
邁克爾?墨菲（Michael Murphy）是來(lái)自匹斯堡卡耐基梅隆大學(xué)（Carnegie Mellon University）的一名心理學(xué)博士后。他想知道，定期接受擁抱的人們是否能更好應(yīng)對(duì)壓力和沖突。
“Individuals who report perceiving the availability of a network of supportive individuals tend to show better adaptation when faced with stress.”
“能感知到來(lái)自社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)中可依靠者的支持的人，在面臨壓力的時(shí)候會(huì)表現(xiàn)出更強(qiáng)的適應(yīng)力。”
But just because you have a support network does not mean that you definitely feel that support.
但是，有支持你的人際網(wǎng)并不意味著能完全感到被支持。
“So some researchers have argued that many of the behaviors we use to support others who are stressed might actually be counterproductive because these behaviors might unintentionally communicate to others that they're not competent to manage stress.”
“因此，有些研究者指出，別人有壓力的時(shí)候，我們的很多支持行為反而起了反作用，因?yàn)檫@些行為可能在無(wú)意中告訴對(duì)方：他們沒(méi)法管理壓力。”
Murphy and his team interviewed 404 men and women every evening for two weeks.
墨菲與他的團(tuán)隊(duì)用了兩周的時(shí)間，在每天夜晚進(jìn)行采訪，共采訪了404名男性和女性。
“During these interviews, the participants were asked a simple yes or no question—whether somebody had hugged them that day—and a simple yes or no question of whether they had experienced conflict or tension with somebody that day. They also were asked questions about their social interactions—how many social interactions they had that day—and responded to questions about negative and positive mood states.”
“在采訪的過(guò)程中，我們向受訪人員提問(wèn)了簡(jiǎn)單的是與否問(wèn)題——今天有沒(méi)有人給你擁抱、今天是否有爭(zhēng)吵或感受到壓力。他們還被問(wèn)及社交互動(dòng)的問(wèn)題，如今天進(jìn)行了多少次社交活動(dòng)，另外還有與積極或者消極的情緒有關(guān)的問(wèn)題。”
And the researchers found that individuals who experienced a conflict were not as negatively affected if they received a hug that day as were participants who experienced conflict and didn’t get a hug. Murphy and his team also saw that people who received a hug didn’t carry the negative effect to the next day, while those who did not receive a hug would. The findings are in the journal?PLOS ONE. [Michael L. M. Murphy, Denise Janicki-Deverts and Sheldon Cohen,?Receiving a hug is associated with the attenuation of negative mood that occurs on days with interpersonal conflict]
研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)，同樣是經(jīng)歷了爭(zhēng)吵的人，如果在當(dāng)天收到一個(gè)擁抱，受到消極影響的程度就會(huì)比那些沒(méi)有收到擁抱的的人更輕。墨菲與他的團(tuán)隊(duì)還觀察到，收到擁抱的人不會(huì)把消極情緒帶到第二天，而那些沒(méi)有被擁抱的則會(huì)影響到第二天的情緒。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)刊登在《公共科學(xué)圖書(shū)館·綜合》（PLOS ONE）期刊上。
Murphy does include this caveat: “So our findings should not be taken as evidence that people should just start hugging anyone and everyone who seems distressed. A hug from one boss at work or a stranger on the street—that could be viewed as neither consensual or positive.”
墨菲事先聲明道：“這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)不能成為‘人們應(yīng)該擁抱每個(gè)看起來(lái)痛苦的人’這個(gè)結(jié)論的證據(jù)。一個(gè)來(lái)自上司或者大街上陌生人的擁抱，既不兩廂情愿，也沒(méi)有減壓效果。”
The idea is to relieve stress. Not add to it.
這個(gè)想法應(yīng)當(dāng)是用來(lái)緩解壓力的。而不是加重壓力的。
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